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Some interesting buck "time of day" data

BSK

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Been working on this project for awhile, so I thought I would post some of the data.

I started looking at my trail-cam data and wondering how the times of the buck photographs would compare over a 24 hour day, especially during the peak of the hunting season. Hoped I would learn something that would make me a better hunter.

Considering hunting was my focus, I started entering all of the times bucks have been photographed during the peak of our hunting time - November (peak rut month) and December (post-rut month). I classify a buck-on-camera "event" at the time he first shows up on camera. If a buck hangs around for 10 or 20 pictures, it's still classified as just one "event." Each time a buck showed up in front of any camera on the property, the date and time of that event were recorded. Also the camera location and type of set-up were recorded, as well as breaking down the bucks behavior into a few key groupings. So far, I've just analyzed the events by the hours of the day. Each hour's data is represented as the percent of events in that hour compared to the total number of events in that data set. This "normalizes" the data between years, allowing equal comparison, as some years had more events than others.

For this project, a wide variety of camera set-ups were used. The two most common were cameras pointed into food plots and across scrapes. But any feature that concentrates deer movement is included, such as holes and low-spots in fences, terrain and habitat bottlenecks, old log-skidder roadbeds, deer trails, saddles in ridges, secondary point and main ridge junctions, etc.

So with six years of trail-camera data entered, encompassing 1,564 total events for November and December, here's some analyses.

Below is the graph of camera events of just older bucks (those 2 1/2 years old or older). Each vertical bar represents the percent of total camera events that fell within that hour (1:00 PM to 1:59 PM, 2:00 PM to 2:59 PM, etc.) The two vertical black lines on the bar graph depict the approximate times of daylight and dark (in my area, around 6 AM and 5 PM, respectively for those months). Notice how activity at night stays consistently high, and how activity peaks right around first light and dark, but then falls precipitously to the low point of the 1 o'clock PM hour (1:00-1:59 PM). This is the hour with the lowest percentage of older buck events appearing on camera. What I found really interesting is that the hourly peaks really do occur at dawn and dusk, just like the species classification suggested (they are called "diurnally crepuscular," meaning they move in daylight at twilight). I was also surprised by how late into the morning older bucks are moving, with still some solid movement all the way until the end of the 10 AM hour (10:00-10:59 AM). This will vindicate what TheLBLman has been saying for years. ;) A really odd result I never expected was the low number of buck events in the last hour of darkness before morning daylight (5:00 AM hour). This pattern was very consistent from year to year. I have no idea why this occurs.
 

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And now for the data for just mature bucks (those 4 1/2 years old or older). I was not at all surprised at how much more nocturnal the buck event data is for only mature bucks versus all bucks 2 1/2 and older. But I was not expecting NO mature buck events in 6 years (again, just November and December) for the period 11:00 AM to 2:59 PM. NONE. In addition, if I had guessed before I saw the data graphed, I would have speculated almost all daylight pictures of mature bucks would have occurred during only the first and last hour of daylight. But that is not the case. Mature buck movement has been pretty solid through the morning hours, out until at least the end of the 9:00 AM hour (out to 9:59 AM). And once again, that weird low point at first light, from 5:00 AM to 6:59 AM.
 

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That is very interesting. My dad always told me I was going in too early getting up and out by 4:30-5:00am. He said bucks aren't busy until 7:30-8:00am. I always ignored him, thinking I knew better. I suppose I am due a heaping plate of crow! Seems he was right.
 
Very interesting. Can't say I'm all that surprised on what the data shows for the daylight hours. That is almost identical to what we see, so this just shows validation. We don't see much movement with older deer after 9:00. Typically I am down and headed back by 9:30. Also, that hour before light, I always found it odd that more deer aren't spooked when going in. It just always seems dead. I like that though because that's when we are headed in. For the evenings, 3:15 till dark. That's what my notes show. Thanks for sharing!
 
Interesting......on a cool November morning 7am to 9am has always been "prime time" on our place...even one stand in particular 7:10am to 7:30am on a cool morning your going to see deer....I will say that one thing that surprises me is with all the cameras you run in 6 years you have never once captured a single 4½+ year old buck between 11am and 3pm in the month of November... don't get me wrong....my cameras are not going crazy taking pictures mid day....but during the first two weeks of November I've seen enough (and killed a couple) mature bucks to keep me on stand. Other than that...agree with JC Deerman...this data validates our experiences.....it also validates the thread from last year where someone ask "morning or evening - when have you killed more deer?"....if memory is correct mornings won hands down....thanks for sharing your data.... Very interesting.
 
Looking back at my top 10 bucks over the years.... 6 we're killed in the morning...2 in late afternoon and 2 midday....11:15am and 1:10pm....both midday bucks were alone...both were in November...both were cruising into thick bedding areas....and no cameras were set up in the specific area where either buck was killed.... hasn't happened often over the years...but enough to keep my attention....and in November anything is possible.
 
A really odd result I never expected was the low number of buck events in the last hour of darkness before morning daylight (5:00 AM hour). This pattern was very consistent from year to year. I have no idea why this occurs.

I actually have solid evidence, not just a theory about this one.

Not only do deer move a lot at night, but they also bed a lot at night.
They feed a while, then they bed a while, somewhat like they do during the day.

What I've observed is that deer are most often simply bedded pre-dawn, having spend much of the night roaming & feeding. But right at pre-dawn, as first light is either breaking or about to, they "sense" it's getting light, and then begin their traveling transition to better bedding or better sanctuary areas to spend the day.

Most people would be surprised at just how much time deer spend bedded out in a field under the cover of darkness. Soon as it's barely getting light, they're getting up & leaving. But often during deer season, it's hunter activity that causes this, often even sooner.

For those who try to be totally ready on their stands BEFORE light, have you ever noticed how often you observe bedded deer when you're walking in, and so long as you're not walking directly toward them, they will often not flush, even as you pass them under 40 yds?
 
For those who try to be totally ready on their stands BEFORE light, have you ever noticed how often you observe bedded deer when you're walking in, and so long as you're not walking directly toward them, they will often not flush, even as you pass them under 40 yds?
I've had this experience several times. Because we hunt from ladder stands, we have "cateye" reflective tacks going to each stand. Several times I've been following the string of cateyes and though, "why did I put of pair of cateyes 40 yards off the trail, and low to the ground?" Not cateyes. Deer bedded. And rarely do they get up, as long as I'm not walking directly towards them.
 
I was not expecting NO mature buck events in 6 years (again, just November and December) for the period 11:00 AM to 2:59 PM. NONE.

I have a partial answer to this one.

It's not that there isn't a fair amount of mature buck movement between 11:00 & 12:30 pm, but more a case of your cams not getting this pics.

I have learned this more over years of all-day stand sit than by my trail cams.

During the rut, and from late morning until @ 12:30 pm (central time zone for me), the mature bucks have a much greater tendency to travel more in a run than a walk, and more often seem to just take off by sight, or using the wind, more than they normally would be using trail & terrain features.

I suspect this often begins with their "stalking" heavy cover areas where female deer may be in hiding. They flush a doe, she runs, they either hear or see her, and take off STRAIGHT towards the sight or the sound. I've often referred to this as their "cutting a diagonal" since they totally go off the grid of following trails or easier terrain features.

You would almost never accidently have a trail cam pick up on this simply because their routes would rarely take them in front of the spots we place them. And at least in times past, when it did happen, I would find a "blank" pic, meaning just a pic of nothing, as the deer went by faster than my older trail cams could trigger & get a good pic.

Such mid-day "runs" often result in a doe running out into the middle of a field, and the buck often goes right out there, too. Typically "herding" her back into cover where he may feel more secure. This has happened to me many times over the years @ 12N, and often not resulted in my getting a shot because I couldn't get a good one.

That said, even though I've seen this happen between 1:00 pm & 2:00 pm, the "deadest" time of day is typically @ 1:00 pm by my observations.
 
Interesting......on a cool November morning 7am to 9am has always been "prime time" on our place...even one stand in particular 7:10am to 7:30am on a cool morning your going to see deer....I will say that one thing that surprises me is with all the cameras you run in 6 years you have never once captured a single 4½+ year old buck between 11am and 3pm in the month of November... don't get me wrong....my cameras are not going crazy taking pictures mid day....but during the first two weeks of November I've seen enough (and killed a couple) mature bucks to keep me on stand. Other than that...agree with JC Deerman...this data validates our experiences.....it also validates the thread from last year where someone ask "morning or evening - when have you killed more deer?"....if memory is correct mornings won hands down....thanks for sharing your data.... Very interesting.
On my place, I've always called the 7-8 AM timeframe the "Golden Hour." That's when we kill the most older bucks.
 
OK, here's the same timeframe of data, but broken down by years with a good acorn crop versus a poor acorn crop. Just by coincidence, 3 of the 6 years in the data set were very good acorn years, and 3 very poor acorn years. I've always suspected daylight movement of older bucks is greater in a poor acorn year, as deer have to travel more and farther to find food in a poor acorn year, exposing themselves to hunters (and cameras) more frequently.

Below is the older buck camera events for November and December for good versus poor acorn years. The orange bars are the good acorn years and the green poor acorn years. Other than the 7 and 8 AM hours, poor acorn years consistently have higher event percentages across the daylight hours. I'm really surprised by the VERY high movement in a poor acorn year for the 6 AM hour.
 

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And here is the buck events data for only mature bucks in good versus poor acorn years. I'm not surprised by the higher event percentages in a good acorn year for the 7 and 8 AM hours. That's when I've killed the majority of my mature bucks. HOWEVER, I'm fascinated by the unusual peak in mature buck percentages for the 3 PM hour in a poor acorn year. Of the mature bucks I've killed in the afternoon, almost all have fallen just after 3 PM during a poor acorn year. I'm also really interested in that late morning mature buck data for a poor acorn year. That 9 and 10 AM data really has me thinking I've been missing the boat in a poor acorn year.
 

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Likely you would have more events of mature buck movement between 11-2 inside of bedding areas. For obvious reasons, your cameras were outside of these areas. But, if you were going to hunt during these times, being on the edge of these areas, might be more productive.

I've killed a buck or two chasing does in these bedding areas and had the doe break out into the timber with the buck following during these times.

Thanks for sharing this valuable information BSK.
 
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